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1 שמר
שָׁמַר(b. h.) (to be still,) to watch, guard, wait; to observe; to keep. Snh.63b לא … שְׁמוֹר ליוכ׳ one should not say to his neighbor, wait for me at such and such an idolatrous statue (or temple). B. Mets.58a השוכר … לִשְׁמוֹר אתוכ׳ if one hires a workingman to guard a cow, a child Sabb.118b אלמלי שָׁמְרוּ ישראלוכ׳ if Israel had observed the first Sabbath ; a v. fr.Part. pass. שָׁמוּר; f. שְׁמוּרָה Ib. XXII, 4 נותנין … בשביל שיהא ש׳ you may put a dish into the well that it be kept (cool); a. e. Pi. שִׁמֵּר 1) same. Ib. 118b אילמלי מְשֵׁמְּרִין ישראלוכ׳ if Israel would observe two Sabbaths as they ought do, they would at once be redeemed. Keth.62b ענייה זו לשוא שִׁימְּרָה the poor woman has in vain waited (for her husband). Ab. Zar. IV, 11 אין … יושב ומְשַׁמֵּרוכ׳ the watchman (guarding wine against idolatrous defilement) need not sit and watch Y.Kidd.I, 58d top המקום משמרוכ׳ God has watched, and such a case has never occurred. Y.M. Kat. III, 82c שי׳הקב״ה … שבעה the Lord observed the seven days of mourning for his world (before the flood, ref. to Gen. 7:10); a. fr. 2) (denom. of שְׁמָרִים) to clear wine from lees, filter, strain (v. מְשַׁמֶּרֶת). Sabb.138a שי׳ חייבוכ׳ if one filtered wine (on the Sabbath), he is bound to bring a sin-offering; Y. ib. XX, 17c; VII, 10b, a. e. המשמר חייב שום בורר he who filters is guilty, v. בָּרַר. Ib. המשמר יין למטןוכ׳ when one filters, the wine goes down, and the lees remain above (in the filter); a. fr.Bab. ib. 146b מקום העשוי לְשַׁמֵּר a place in the keg where a hole has been made for the purpose of letting the wine off, clear of lees (and has been closed again; Ar. s. v. חזק; Rashi: where the hole has been closed in order to preserve the flavor).Part. pass. מְשוּמָּר a) guarded. Pes.109b (ref. to שמרים, Ex. 12:42) ליל המש׳ ובא מן המזיקין a night which is for all time guarded against dangers (v. מַזִּיק); R. Hash. 11b.b) kept, preserved, designated. Ib. ליל המש׳ ובא מששתוכ׳ a night which has been designated for redemption since the six days of creation. Snh.99a; Ber.34b יין המש׳וכ׳, v. עֵנָב; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּמֵּר 1) to be on ones guard, be observant. Mekh. Bo, s. 14 (ref. to שמרים, v. supra) מגיד … צריכין להִשְׁתַּמֵּר בו this intimates that all Israelites must be careful in it (to observe its ceremonies); Yalk. Ex. 210; Tanḥ. Bo 9. 2) to be guarded. B. Mets.11a המִשְׁתַּמֶּרֶת, v. חָצֵר. Erub.54b אם ראשון … מִשְׁתַּמֵּרוכ׳ if the fowler; breaks the wings of each bird as he catches it, it is kept (from flying off) Men.99b כל המשמר … נשמתוֹ משתמרת who guards the Law (takes care not to forget it), his soul is guarded; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁמַר same, to be on ones guard. Ib. כל מקומ שנאמר הִשָּׁמֶר פן ואלוכ׳ wherever the Scripture has the words, ‘be on thy guard, lest, or ‘be on thy guard that not, it is a prohibitive law; ib. השמר ופןוכ׳ ‘be on thy guard and ‘lest make two prohibitions. Ib. 36b השמר דלאו לאו hishshamer followed by a negative is a prohibitory law; השמר דעשה עשה hishshamer connected with a positive order, is a positive command (v. עָשָׂה).Tanḥ. Vayḥi 13 ומשמירין, v. שָׁפַר. -
2 שָׁמַר
שָׁמַר(b. h.) (to be still,) to watch, guard, wait; to observe; to keep. Snh.63b לא … שְׁמוֹר ליוכ׳ one should not say to his neighbor, wait for me at such and such an idolatrous statue (or temple). B. Mets.58a השוכר … לִשְׁמוֹר אתוכ׳ if one hires a workingman to guard a cow, a child Sabb.118b אלמלי שָׁמְרוּ ישראלוכ׳ if Israel had observed the first Sabbath ; a v. fr.Part. pass. שָׁמוּר; f. שְׁמוּרָה Ib. XXII, 4 נותנין … בשביל שיהא ש׳ you may put a dish into the well that it be kept (cool); a. e. Pi. שִׁמֵּר 1) same. Ib. 118b אילמלי מְשֵׁמְּרִין ישראלוכ׳ if Israel would observe two Sabbaths as they ought do, they would at once be redeemed. Keth.62b ענייה זו לשוא שִׁימְּרָה the poor woman has in vain waited (for her husband). Ab. Zar. IV, 11 אין … יושב ומְשַׁמֵּרוכ׳ the watchman (guarding wine against idolatrous defilement) need not sit and watch Y.Kidd.I, 58d top המקום משמרוכ׳ God has watched, and such a case has never occurred. Y.M. Kat. III, 82c שי׳הקב״ה … שבעה the Lord observed the seven days of mourning for his world (before the flood, ref. to Gen. 7:10); a. fr. 2) (denom. of שְׁמָרִים) to clear wine from lees, filter, strain (v. מְשַׁמֶּרֶת). Sabb.138a שי׳ חייבוכ׳ if one filtered wine (on the Sabbath), he is bound to bring a sin-offering; Y. ib. XX, 17c; VII, 10b, a. e. המשמר חייב שום בורר he who filters is guilty, v. בָּרַר. Ib. המשמר יין למטןוכ׳ when one filters, the wine goes down, and the lees remain above (in the filter); a. fr.Bab. ib. 146b מקום העשוי לְשַׁמֵּר a place in the keg where a hole has been made for the purpose of letting the wine off, clear of lees (and has been closed again; Ar. s. v. חזק; Rashi: where the hole has been closed in order to preserve the flavor).Part. pass. מְשוּמָּר a) guarded. Pes.109b (ref. to שמרים, Ex. 12:42) ליל המש׳ ובא מן המזיקין a night which is for all time guarded against dangers (v. מַזִּיק); R. Hash. 11b.b) kept, preserved, designated. Ib. ליל המש׳ ובא מששתוכ׳ a night which has been designated for redemption since the six days of creation. Snh.99a; Ber.34b יין המש׳וכ׳, v. עֵנָב; a. e. Hithpa. הִשְׁתַּמֵּר 1) to be on ones guard, be observant. Mekh. Bo, s. 14 (ref. to שמרים, v. supra) מגיד … צריכין להִשְׁתַּמֵּר בו this intimates that all Israelites must be careful in it (to observe its ceremonies); Yalk. Ex. 210; Tanḥ. Bo 9. 2) to be guarded. B. Mets.11a המִשְׁתַּמֶּרֶת, v. חָצֵר. Erub.54b אם ראשון … מִשְׁתַּמֵּרוכ׳ if the fowler; breaks the wings of each bird as he catches it, it is kept (from flying off) Men.99b כל המשמר … נשמתוֹ משתמרת who guards the Law (takes care not to forget it), his soul is guarded; a. e. Nif. נִשְׁמַר same, to be on ones guard. Ib. כל מקומ שנאמר הִשָּׁמֶר פן ואלוכ׳ wherever the Scripture has the words, ‘be on thy guard, lest, or ‘be on thy guard that not, it is a prohibitive law; ib. השמר ופןוכ׳ ‘be on thy guard and ‘lest make two prohibitions. Ib. 36b השמר דלאו לאו hishshamer followed by a negative is a prohibitory law; השמר דעשה עשה hishshamer connected with a positive order, is a positive command (v. עָשָׂה).Tanḥ. Vayḥi 13 ומשמירין, v. שָׁפַר. -
3 פיסא
פִּיסָאm. (preced.) 1) = h. פַּיָּיס lump of brittle stone. Snh.64a שקל פ׳ שדא ביה he took up a lump and threw it at it (the idolatrous statue). Macc.8a; a. e. 2) = h. פַּיִיס, v. פְּיָיסָא. -
4 פִּיסָא
פִּיסָאm. (preced.) 1) = h. פַּיָּיס lump of brittle stone. Snh.64a שקל פ׳ שדא ביה he took up a lump and threw it at it (the idolatrous statue). Macc.8a; a. e. 2) = h. פַּיִיס, v. פְּיָיסָא. -
5 קלון I
קָלוֹןI m. (b. h.; קָלָה I) degradation, disgrace, opp. כָּבוֹד. Gen. R. s. 1, a. e. בקְלוֹן חבירו, v. כָּבֵד I. Ab. dR. N. ch. XXIX המכבד … שנפטר ממנו בק׳ he that honors his fellow-man for the sake of wealth, will finally part with him in disgrace. Snh.55a (of an animal that has been carnally abused) תקלה וק׳ בעינן (to condemn it to death) is it necessary that it must have been both a stumbling-block (cause of a scandal) and a disgrace (to the criminal and his survivors)? Ib. זה קָלוֹנוֹ … קלונו מועט in this case (of a Jew being the criminal) his disgrace is great, and in the other (that of a gentile) his disgrace is little (it being not unusual). Ib. והרי אילנות דאין קָלוֹנָןוכ׳ but in the case of trees (that have been worshipped and must be destroyed) the disgrace through them is not great, and yet Esth. R. introd. to Par. 3, v. קוּא; a. fr.Esp. prostitution, house of prostitution; sodomy. Lam. R. to I, 16 אספסיאנוס … להושיבן בק׳ של רומי Vespasian filled three ships with the nobles of Jerusalem to place them in the Roman houses of prostitution. Ib. to IV, 2 תינוק אחד … בק׳ a Jewish boy is in prison doomed to prostitution; Y.Hor.III, 48b. Ib. שניהם עומדין בק׳וכ׳ if a man and a woman are (in prison) threatened with exposure to prostitution, the redemption of the man has the precedence ; a. fr.Trnsf. idolatrous statue or temple. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 42c top (in Chald. dict.) כד דמך … נפל ק׳ דטיבריא when R. H. died, the idol (or temple) of Tiberias fell in (cmp. טִימִי I). -
6 קָלוֹן
קָלוֹןI m. (b. h.; קָלָה I) degradation, disgrace, opp. כָּבוֹד. Gen. R. s. 1, a. e. בקְלוֹן חבירו, v. כָּבֵד I. Ab. dR. N. ch. XXIX המכבד … שנפטר ממנו בק׳ he that honors his fellow-man for the sake of wealth, will finally part with him in disgrace. Snh.55a (of an animal that has been carnally abused) תקלה וק׳ בעינן (to condemn it to death) is it necessary that it must have been both a stumbling-block (cause of a scandal) and a disgrace (to the criminal and his survivors)? Ib. זה קָלוֹנוֹ … קלונו מועט in this case (of a Jew being the criminal) his disgrace is great, and in the other (that of a gentile) his disgrace is little (it being not unusual). Ib. והרי אילנות דאין קָלוֹנָןוכ׳ but in the case of trees (that have been worshipped and must be destroyed) the disgrace through them is not great, and yet Esth. R. introd. to Par. 3, v. קוּא; a. fr.Esp. prostitution, house of prostitution; sodomy. Lam. R. to I, 16 אספסיאנוס … להושיבן בק׳ של רומי Vespasian filled three ships with the nobles of Jerusalem to place them in the Roman houses of prostitution. Ib. to IV, 2 תינוק אחד … בק׳ a Jewish boy is in prison doomed to prostitution; Y.Hor.III, 48b. Ib. שניהם עומדין בק׳וכ׳ if a man and a woman are (in prison) threatened with exposure to prostitution, the redemption of the man has the precedence ; a. fr.Trnsf. idolatrous statue or temple. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 42c top (in Chald. dict.) כד דמך … נפל ק׳ דטיבריא when R. H. died, the idol (or temple) of Tiberias fell in (cmp. טִימִי I).
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